The Khmer kingdom controlled all regions of Thailand from the tenth to the thirteenth century. The Khmers made their capital outside of Angkor in Lopburi, an old mon state in central Thailand, where they built several temples. Khmer tablets such as the one above have been found scattered across the central plains.
During the 9th century Khmer power became well established in mainland South-East Asia. By the tenth century Mahayana Buddhism as cwell as Tantric Hinduism flourished under the soverignty of King Suryavarman 1, who was from Nakon Si Thammarat.
It was not until the reign of King Jayavarman VII that Mahayana Buddhism became the state religion in Angkor. As a result of this change of Buddhist sects new Mahayana iconographic programmes appeared on votive tablets very much as the tablet shown. On this example we see three seated Buddhas inside a Phra Prang Pagoda with four Nagas and five Garudas holding the throne.
The majority of these tablets including this example were discovered in the central plains of Lopburi and Ayutthaya. Actually very few of these tablets were made in Angkor itself. Almost certainly from a bronze mould evidenced by the very sharp features for an amulet 700-800 years old.
The majority of these amulets are made of terracota and this design was one of the most popular, a triad of buddhas, with the central Buddha in bhumisparsamudra flanked by two Buddhas in dhyanamudra.
When there are three Buddhas depicted like this it is thought that they represent Buddhas of the past, present and future. The central Buddha is easily recognised as Sakyamuni by the earth touching gesture, whilst Dipamkara (a Buddha of the past) is seen on the right, with Maitreya (a future Buddha) on his left.
Bodhi branches appear on both sides of the prang, similar to types of Bodhi Gaya and pagan tablets found in the central plain and Peninsular. Based on the style and iconography this tablet is fairly easily dated to the end of the twelth century.
In conclusion, a great amulet in beautiful condition for serious collectors.